Wireless Sensor networks

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of a spatially distributed collection of dedicated, autonomous devices equipped with sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions. These compact nodes track data—such as temperature, pressure, motion, or acoustics—and leverage radio signals to pass their measurements through the network infrastructure to a central location, known as a base station or sink, where the data is analyzed. Because these networks typically operate in remote or hazardous environments, they rely heavily on low-power, ad-hoc wireless routing protocols and localized battery power to maintain long-term, self-healing communication without human intervention.